The Symbolic Significance of the Red Convertible in Louise Erichs Story

One of the reasons why Louise Erdrich’s story The Red Convertible is being commonly referred to, as such that represents a high literary value, is that the themes and motifs, explored in it, are thoroughly humanistic. That is, they do emphasize the counter-beneficiary effects of people striving to attain a social prominence in the society, where one’s possession of the strongly defined sense of self-identity is rarely tolerated – especially, if it is being concerned with these people’s visually and behaviorally observed cultural ‘otherness’.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Symbolic Significance of the Red Convertible in Louise Erich’s Story specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In this paper, I will strive to substantiate the validity of the earlier suggestion at length.  The plot of The Red Convertible is straightforward. It revolves around the story of a relation ship between two brothers of the Native-American descent – Henry and Lyman. The red convertible, owned by both brothers, symbolizes the subtleties of this relationship. Before Henry joined the U.S. Army and consequently ended up being sent to serve in Vietnam, he and his brother used to enjoy taking their car for rides. However, after Henry returned back, he was no longer in a position to appreciate his shared ownership of the red convertible – his wartime experiences in this country, caused Henry to become an altogether different man: â€Å"When he came home, though, Henry was very different†¦ Henry was jumpy and mean† (Erdrich 6). Despite the fact that, after having reunited with Henry, Lyman never ceased trying to bring his brother ‘back to life’ (in the allegorical sense of this word), such as by the mean of prompting Henry to take an interest in the red convertible, Lyman’s effort, in this respect, proved in vain. The story ends wit h Henry drowning in the river, followed by Lyman pushing the red convertible into the river, as well – as an emotional gesture of denying the fact that Henry’s experiences in Vietnam did affect his true-self. The above provided brief outline of the story’s plot contains a number of implicit suggestions, as to what can be considered the symbolical significance of the red convertible in Erdrich’s story.  First, the transformation of the car’s condition, throughout the story, emphasizes the transformation of a relationship between Lyman and Henry. Whereas, before Henry’s departure to Vietnam, both brothers never ceased striving to keep their car in tip-top shape, after Henry’s return this was no longer the case. In fact, Lyman deliberately ‘crippled’ the red convertible with a hammer, so that it would prompt Henry to consider fixing the car and consequently – to regain his pre-Vietnam identity of a cheerful and worr iless individual. This, however, did not have any effect on Henry, except for the fact that he simply became mad at Lyman: â€Å"(Henry): That car’s a classic! But you went and ran the piss right put of it, Lyman, and you know it don’t deserve that† (7). Apparently, the author wanted to emphasize the notion of self-identity, as something socially rather than biologically constructed.Advertising Looking for essay on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is namely due to Henry’s exposure to the horrors of war in Vietnam that, upon his return back home, he could no longer relate to his former self, which in turn prevented Henry from being able to enjoy the relationship with Lyman in the way he used to, prior to having served as an active duty soldier. Second, the red convertible in Erdrich’s story symbolizes the counter-beneficiary essence of the process of Native-Americans aff iliating themselves with Western existential values. After all, it is namely due to White people’s endowment with the so-called ‘Faustian’ mentality, which seeks to dominate nature, that they were able to invent an internal combustion engine, in the first place – at the expense of becoming spiritually detached from the surrounding natural environment (Greenwood 53). Therefore, Henry and Lyman’s decision to purchase the red convertible can be well discussed, as such that reflected the fact that, despite their Native-American background, both brothers were emotionally comfortable with trying to integrate into the euro-centric society, as its integral parts. It can even be suggested that the car’s very color (red) symbolizes that Henry and Lyman did succeed in such their undertaking, to an extent. After all, it does not represent much of a secret that, along with having been referred to as ‘Indians’ in the past, Native-Americans als o used to be referred to as ‘Reds’. Therefore, in regards to both brothers, their ownership of the red convertible reflected their endowment with the ‘hybrid’ mentality of spiritually disfranchised Native-Americans – those who, despite appearing ‘red’ on the outside, are in fact ‘white’ on the inside, but who nevertheless strive to become ‘red’ on the inside, as well . The irony lies in the fact that, while longing to revive their Native identity, Henry and Lyman relied on the red convertible – the by-product of the ‘Faustian’ nonspiritual/mechanistic genius. As Dutta noted: â€Å"The red convertible, although extremely Western in its resonance, is the only native link between Lyman and Henry. It was in this car that he toured his native land, felt the breeze, drank the water, smelt the soil† (121). However, as The Red Convertible implies, Native people’s strive to adjust to the realities of a modern living in America, while accepting them uncritically, rarely proves beneficial in the long run. This is because, the price that Native people often have to pay, in exchange for being allowed to integrate into the society, is the abandonment of their cultural and spiritual traditions, which in turn causes them to end up being emotionally defenseless, while faced with life-challenges – hence, naturally making them prone to the thoughts of a suicide. Therefore, it will not be much of an exaggeration, on our part, to suggest that in her story, Erdrich promotes the subtle idea that, even though that Henry and Lyman did initially enjoy owning their red convertible, the automobile in question was the actual reason behind Henry’s ultimate demise. Hence, another aspect of the symbolic significance of the Lyman’s decision to sink the red convertible – by doing it, he expressed his unconscious disagreement with the process of Native-Americans being required to assimilate within the euro-centric society, as the pathway to happiness, on their part.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Symbolic Significance of the Red Convertible in Louise Erich’s Story specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Even though that Erdrich’s story takes place during the course of the seventies (the story’s context implies it), there can be very few doubts as to its discursive relevance, in regards to the realities of a contemporary living in America. After all, even today many Native-Americans often end up being subjected to the different forms of a subtle discrimination, on the account of their ‘otherness’. While trying to lessen the acuteness of their negative experiences, in this respect, many Natives choose in favor of distancing from their cultural heritage further and further. Yet, as The Red Convertible implies, such their decision is potentia lly capable of causing them a great deal of harm, especially when their emotional well-being is concerned. This once again highlights the sheer objectiveness of the story’s discursive value. I believe that this conclusion fully correlates with the paper’s initial thesis. Works Cited Dutta, Pratima. â€Å"Erdrich’s The Red Convertible.† Explicator 61.2 (2003): 119-121.  Print. Erdrich, Louise 1984, The Red Convertible. PDF file. Web. Greenwood, Susan. Anthropology of Magic, Oxford: Berg Publishers, 2009. Print. This essay on The Symbolic Significance of the Red Convertible in Louise Erich’s Story was written and submitted by user Dorothy R. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

A Brief History of Japan essays

A Brief History of Japan essays From Feudalism to Military dominance to Constitutional Democracy, Japans history is an insightful roadmap of how she developed into the Japanese modern state that is apparent today. Examining Japans past experiences as a nation, five of the most crucial events of history are the Tokugawa Shogunate of 1603, the Meiji Restoration of 1868, Japanese victory in the Russo-Japanese War in 1905, Japanese defeat in WWII, and MacArthurs drafting of the new Japanese Constitution in 1946. These could be argued to be the major turning points in Japans history, completely altering the countrys values, attitudes, and orientation. The first turning point for Japan is seen in the Tokugawa Shogunate Period. I see it as the calm before the storm. It was a period of time of relative peace and stability, characterized by its strong centralized rule. This was a feudalistic era living in an isolated world. The Tokugawa Ieyasu establishes 14 generations of Tokugawa Shoguns. One of the largest landmark a lterations is found in the moving of the capital to Edo, otherwise known as Tokyo. This period is not as popular as the other listed turning points, but it too is very important because it illustrates Japans paradigm of society and what it took to shift it from its imbedded ways. It was the starting point of Japans road to modernism. The Meiji Restoration of 1898 is a huge turning point for Japan. It was Japans birth into a modern state." The US first made its presence with Perrys introduction leading to the forced treaty of trade. In addition to the end of Japans 200 years of isolation, the population growth and the mismanagement of public finance created a disordered economy, weakening legitimacy of the people. Because of the Shoguns luxurious lifestyles, the deficit rose thus causing inflation. This lead to the attempted rectification through heavy taxation, but it in...

Marketing Plans for Schools

Marketing Plans for Schools Many private institutions are finding that they need to engage in strong marketing tactics to thrive in todays increasingly competitive market. That means more schools than ever are developing marketing plans to guide them, and for schools who dont already have strong strategies in place, it can be overwhelming to get started. Here are some tips to help you get on the right track.   Why Do I Need a Marketing Plan? Marketing plans are the roadmap to success for your office. They keep you on track so you can navigate your way through the year, and ideally next several years, without getting side-tracked. It helps remind you, and your community, of your end goals and how you’re going to get there, reducing the number of detours along the way. This is especially important for your admission office in recruiting students and for your development office in building alumni relationships and soliciting donations.   These guides help you set a plan by streamlining what you do and why you’re doing it. The why is a crucial part of your marketing, as it explains the reasoning for your actions. Validating important decisions with this â€Å"why† component is important for gaining support for the plan and ensuring that you continue to move forward with positive progress.   It’s so easy to find great inspiration at any time. But, even the greatest of ideas can derail your progress if they dont align with the messaging, goals and themes that you have for the year. Your marketing plan is what helps you reason with individuals who get excited about new ideas and remind them of the clear plan that was agreed upon going into the year. However, it’s important to still keep track of this great inspiration for future projects and plans! What Should My Marketing Plan Look Like? Do a quick Google search for marketing plan examples  and you get around 12 million results. Try another search, this time for marketing plans for schools  and you will find about 30 million results. Good luck sorting through all of those! It can be daunting to even consider creating a marketing plan, especially if you’re not sure what to do. They can be time-consuming and confusing. Jump down a bit to see recommendations for a shorter version of a marketing plan, but first, a formal marketing plan tends to be outlined as follows: Executive SummaryThe MissionDifferentiators/Value PropositionInstitutional VisionTarget AudienceSituation AnalysisInstitution, Customer, Competitor, Collaborator, ClimateSWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) AnalysisMarketing SegmentationSegment 1: Descriptions, sales reports, goals and outcomes, product usage, resource requirements, outreach plan, pricingSegment 2: Descriptions, sales reports, goals and outcomes, product usage, resource requirements, outreach plan, pricingSelected Marketing Strategies (Action Items)Why these strategies were chosen, including product, price, place, promotion, and  how they will be completed. Discuss decision variables: brand, quality, scope, warranty, packaging, price, discounts, bundling, payment terms, distribution challenges, logistics, motivating the channel, advertising, PR, budget, projected results.Alternative Marketing StrategiesThe strategies you aren’t planning to use, but were consideredShort Long Term ProjectionsG oals outcomes: The immediate effects of the proposed strategies, expected long-term results, and special actions required to achieve them. Analysis Strategies (How will you assess success)AppendixCalculations and data used to support the information above, reports from previous yearsIndustry reports and marketplace projections Its exhausted just reading that. It’s a lot of work to complete all these steps, and it often feels like the more time you spend on a marketing plan, the less you use it. You might try to get around this by finding another plan to work off of, but surprisingly, you probably never can find one that fits your needs. Why is that?   That’s because no two companies are the same, no two schools are the same; they all have different goals and needs. That’s why  the same marketing plan structure will not work for every school or company. Every organization needs something that works best for them, whatever it may be. Some experts believe that a marketing plan doesn’t have to follow an exact template or structure. So, you might want to change your perception of a marketing plan: forget about what you think it should be, and think about what you need it to be. What you  DO NOT need  out of your marketing plan: A long, complex, formal plan that addresses every problem that has ever surfaced at your school.A document that takes so long to create that you never finish it.A document that is so complex that its not a useful tool.Analysis for the sake of analysis What you  DO need  out of your marketing plan: Specific and realistic problems to solve.Achievable goals.An easily executable roadmap.Potential challenges and solutions.A way to track success. How do you develop a marketing plan? The first thing is to determine the institutional goals that are tasked to the marketing department. You can pull from a strategic plan or a marketing analysis to give you guidance.   Lets say your school needs to Improve Marketplace Position. How would you do this? Chances are, youll want to ensure that you have cohesive branding and messaging, and make sure that the entire school is in support of that messaging. Then, you will create focused publications and digital presence in support of that branding and messaging. You might find a more specific goal of increasing annual fund dollars for the development office, which is one way that the marketing office can be called upon to assist. Using these institutional goals, you can outline the various projects, goals, and action items for each department. It looks something like this for a fundraising example: CLIENT: Development OfficePROJECT: Annual FundGOALS: (3-4 main objectives for the year)Increase participation overall (# of donors)Increase donations (dollars raised)Increase online donations (dollars raised via online giving forms)Reconnect with alumniACTION ITEMS: (2-4 marketing methods to achieve the goals)Create a branded annual fund marketing programOverall MessagingDigital Strategy: Email marketing, giving form improvements, and social media outreachPrint Strategy: annual appeals, postcards, brochuresTalking Points: language that development officers can use to promote continuity of messaging. Lets look at an admission example now: CLIENT: Admission OfficePROJECT: Recruiting - increase inquiriesGOALS:Improve online user experience (make things easier to find)Increase the  number of new qualified leadsGenerate a new, expanded target audience (long-range goal)ACTION ITEMS:Redesign WebsiteEmail marketing strategySEO campaignInbound marketing strategy   Developing these mini-outlines helps you prioritize your goals and objectives for the year. It helps you keep your focus on the things that you can realistically accomplish in a given time period, and, as you saw in the admission goals, look at those goals that need more time to complete but need to get started now. You might actually have seven or eight goals for each department, but youll never get anything accomplished if you try to tackle everything at once. Pick the two-to-four things that either need the most urgent attention or will have the greatest impact on your outcomes. Just make sure you can realistically address the items in your given timeframe, which is often one academic year. Making these priorities is also helpful when you get those requests for small projects from departments other than your top clients. It gives you validity when you say, we cant accommodate this project right now, and explain why. It doesnt mean everyone will be happy with your response, but it helps you make it possible for them to understand your reasoning.   How will you carry out your marketing plan? The next step is to start thinking about the tools you have at your disposal and how youll use them. Think about marketing like giving someone a gift. The gift is the outcome of the marketing strategy: achieving your goals is the gift.The box is the tools youll use to carry out your strategy: email, social media, print, etc.The wrapping paper and bow is the concept youll use: the message and design Annual Fund Marketing Plan Case Study This is where you get to start having some fun. Brainstorm some ideas for how to tell your story. Check out this article on the Annual Fund Marketing Program created at Cheshire Academy that we called, One Word. One Gift. The strategy involved reconnecting with alumni by asking them to pick one word to describe their Cheshire Academy experience and then make one gift to the annual fund in honor of that word. It was such a success that the program helped us not only reach our goals  but also exceed them. The One Word. One Gift.  program even won two awards: the silver award for Annual Giving Programs in the CASE Excellence Awards for District I and another silver award in the 2016 CASE Circle of Excellence for Annual Giving Programs. For each of your clients (as we outlined above), you want to clearly illustrate your timeline, concept, and tools that you will use. The more you can explain why youre doing what youre doing, the better. Lets look at what this might look like for the Academys Development Annual Fund project: CONCEPT:  This branded Annual Fund endeavor combines print marketing with email, digital, and social media marketing, as well as development outreach to reconnect with current and past constituents. Designed to engage constituents in a two-part interaction with the school, this endeavor asks donors to remember what they love about Cheshire Academy by choosing one word to represent their experiences and to then make one gift to the annual fund in honor of that word. A particular emphasis will be made on encouraging online donations. A lot of hard work goes into developing these plans, which are unique to each institution. Guidelines are awesome to share, but your details are yours. That said, let me share a little more of my details than most ... The first thing I do is make sure I understand the institutional goals tasked to marketingI also make sure that I clearly outline and understand the institutional goals related to marketing. Meaning, I may not be the department directly charged with these, but my team and I will support them and work closely with them.I make sure I know which departments and goals are the highest marketing priorities for the year. Its helpful to have support from your head of school and other departments to agree with these determinations of priorities. Ive seen some schools go so far as to have signed contracts with key stakeholders to guarantee adherence to the priorities and directions.Then I work to outline  my timeline, concept, and tools for each of my top department priorities. This is important to avoid scope creep, getting off track from your intended projects. This is your reality check when people start getting lots of great ideas that may not align with the overall strategies. Not every great idea can be used at once, and its ok to say no to even the most amazing idea; just make sure you save it for later use. This is where you break down what youre doing, when, and through which channels.   I always make sure that I clearly explain why Ive developed the timeline and concept. Heres a glimpse into the print marketing strategy for my annual fund.  Share the complementary efforts youre planning to do, also. Some of these marketing initiatives dont need to be spelled out step by step, but a quick explanation of why can go a long way.Share your indicators of success for the aspects of your project. We knew we would assess the Annual Fund using these four quantitative factors.  Evaluate your success. After the first year of our annual fund marketing program, we assessed what worked well and what did not. It helped us look at our work and celebrate the things we nailed and figure out how to improve in other areas.

Toyota Motor Company Marketing Plan Research Paper

Toyota Motor Company Marketing Plan - Research Paper Example January 2013: After the budget has been identified and team research tasks have been allocated, the teams will conduct their research and compile reports for top management and for marketing decisions and product management and decisions. At this point the planning stage begins. As Moorman and Miner (1998) inform, a marketing strategy beings with a â€Å"careful review of environmental and firm information† which is then followed by planning (p. 1). At this point all of the necessary research would have been completed and the budget identified for execution of the launch of the product. The month of January 2013 will therefore be set aside for planning marketing, production/manufacturing, promotion and distribution strategies and time tables will be established for each process. Teams will be formed for managing and putting these strategies into action. February 2013: At this stage, Toyota will have to appoint a design and mechanic team who will design and plan the mechanics o f the super car respectively. The design team will plan and design the physical architecture of the car. The mechanic team will plan the engine and other mechanical functions of the car. At this point the design and engineering/mechanic teams will also have information from technological experts informed by research and development as to the desired specifications for the super car. Technological, mechanical knowledge and knowledge of all the specifications that appeal to super car enthusiast will go into the design and mechanics of the new Toyota super car. After all when Ferrari Maserati Group launched its new Maserati MC in 2004, it was Ferrari’s knowledge in the construction of super cars and its knowledge of Formula 1 technology that drove the design and mechanics of the Maserati MC (Arema, 2010). March 2013: The finished vehicle will have to be tested for durability, safety, efficiency, speed and generally whether or not the super car is fit for purpose (Weitz & Wensley , 2002). Obviously, if there are any defects in the product design, those defects will have to be rectified. Thus the month of March is set aside for identifying any defects and rectifying defects and otherwise ascertain whether or not the design, style and performance of the super car can be improved before putting the car on the market. April 2013: Once a model is satisfactorily built, the marketing team will likely decide that they would like to test the market. This is usually the case with the launching of a new automobile (Weitz & Wensley, 2002). Thus the marketing team will be required to know, what needs to be done in order to sell the new super car. Thus an estimation of the funds and other resources needed for advertising, creating incentives for dealers, and promotions generally. Although, a research was conducted in the initial stages, this research was done in advance of an actual car. Now that a car has been designed and it is ready to be launched the promotional and m arketing aspects can be planned more specifically. It will be necessary to know how many cars will be produced with specific features such as mapping, colors, sound systems, etc. Toyota might want to conduct a search of global markets to determine compatibility of features to specific markets (Wietz & Wensley, 2002

Hamburger Hill The Things They Carried Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Hamburger Hill The Things They Carried - Essay Example Irvin’s film showed that one of the first things that the soldiers faced when arriving â€Å"in country† was a stark reminder of the serous risk to their lives, as they were asked to sign insurance papers and various other legal forms in case they did not survive. This legal reminder of the danger that faced them was backed up by a serious of training talks given them while in camp, including sessions showing them how serious, stealthy, and committed their enemies were, and even how such normal personal concerns such as hygiene and communication could lead to injury or death. At every level, the new recruits were told to follow orders and to respect their fellow soldiers, and they were told that the only way they would come out alive is if they stuck together. This was perhaps the major theme of Irvin’s film and it played a strong element in O’Brien’s essay, in the story of the dead soldier Lavender, who died because he wandered off. This process of early acclimation also included instruction on the use of weapons and the necessity of negotiating the many different factors that they would face during the war, from physical wounds to sexually transmitted diseases to psychological wounds from opinions of the people back home when they returned. O’Brien describes the variety of planned and makeshift provisions that the soldiers carried with them into battle, including bug spray, odd superstitious charms, and varieties of weapons. Each man carried their own materials, but O’Brien’s essay suggests and Irvin’s film represents that they also carried their humanity, their hopes and fears. Only in the battle did they also learn to love each and appreciate each other and stick together. Irvin’s film spends a great deal of time in the early moments showing the soldiers horsing around and fighting, listening to music and playing cards, in order to stress the need for camaraderie among the soldiers. One o f the keys to this camaraderie was following their leader without question. While the new recruits learned to take this lesson in stride during the early training, they didn’t quite believe it. When they are dropped in the combat zone at minute 41:20, one new recruit tries to calm the nerves of another by saying â€Å"these guys know what they’re doing† in regard to their officers. The nervous recruit replied with a sarcastic â€Å"Oh yeah, definitely.† By the end of the film, all such sarcasm had disappeared. They had seen the necessity of trusting one another and pulling together in the heat of fire. They had learned that their leaders and the bravery of their fellow soldiers was perhaps the most important thing ensuring their survival. O’Brien’s essay echoes this sentiment, as he relays the feelings of the fictional leader of the platoon he describes. He shows how Lt. Cross takes personally the loss of soldier under his command because he lost focus for a moment. He claims that Cross â€Å"felt the pain... blamed himself† (p. 6). He had become distracted by his own humanity and his own personal needs for a moment and the soldier had wandered off, not to fight but to urinate. He was killed. Both works stress the way soldiers kept each other honest and diligent, looking out for each other even as they argued among each other. One of the major themes that Irvin emphasizes throughout his film is the difficulties of navigating race

An Analysis of the Use of Action to Find Happiness Essay -- Uncle Vanya

In a hotel suite, Dominic Cobb’s wife jumps off a ledge and dies in hopes of returning to what she thinks is the real world. Cobb must then decide whether he should forget the past and move on to find his own enjoyment or stay within an unconstructed dream space, where he is able to live with his wife. In Uncle Vanya, Anton Chekhov tells the story of a family of unhappy souls who have trouble finding pleasure in the world. As a result, Andre Gregory and Louis Malle use the opening sequence of Vanya on 42nd Street to foreshadow Chekhov’s argument that humans must take action find happiness, but only after they make peace with the past. Throughout Anton Chekhov’s play Uncle Vanya, idle characters are unhappy while active characters are more content, which shows that action gives way to happiness. For instance, Yelena claims there is no happiness for her on the earth (Chekhov 171). However, Yelena does not do any work around the house, and she depends on her husband, Serabryakov, for food, lodging, and money. Others cherish and love her, and she has all the necessities of life without working, yet she is still upset. Since she has all needs for free, the only possible cause to her sorrow is her idleness. Furthermore, Vanya asserts that he is lazy and does nothing except complain; yet, he still claims that his brother-in-law, Serabryakov, has â€Å"destroyed my [his] life (Chekhov 148, 186).† Following the death of his sister, Vanya has worked for Serabryakov around the estate. However, since Yelena’s arrival, Vanya has become an idle man and no longer works for Serabryakov. Since he is not active enough to move forward in life, he lurks over the past, which makes him an unhappy man. On the other hand, Waffles, who constantly plays his gu... ...ife better, one must follow the path to happiness and move forward instead of waiting for someone else to guide them to the end of the path. With common street-signs and the characters in Uncle Vanya, the directors of Vanya on 42nd Street reveal that humans are able to find true happiness, but only after they make peace with the past. Chekhov’s argument has a monumental impact to the hopeless, and reassures society that even though humans are dominated by repentance, happiness can still be found. Through the use of illusions and character behaviors, Chekhov demonstrates how the failure to let go of the past leads to complications with happiness. With street signs, Malle and Gregory indicate that in order to prevent from jumping into a realm of misery, humans must take action to reach happiness, where it is fundamental for the subconscious to leave behind the past.

Policy and Example Strategic Planning Essay

Identify and describe what it is about strategic plans that make them difficult to implement. Support your argument with an example Strategic planning: matching organizational objectives and capabilities to the anticipated demands of the environment to produce a plan of action that will ensure achievement of objectives.( Denhardt & Denhardt, 2010) What make strategic plans difficult is trying to plan make a decision that effects multiple people with different beliefs or issues. An example would be immigration reform the us is trying to reform the immigration rules and make a set of laws that effect multiple immigrants but not all immigrants have the same issues or back ground. Some immigrants or here do to no fault of their own, some are here on expired visas and others are just here straight out illegally. It hard to make law or a plan for those that are in this country due to no fault of their own. As the author notes, the effective communication of a policy analysis to policymakers is frequently difficult. Explain the sources of this difficulty, and describe at least three ways you might attempt to overcome it. Policy analysis: is the process of researching or analyzing public problems to provide policy makers with specific information about the range of available policy options and advantages and disadvantages of different approaches ( Denhardt & Denhardt, 2010). The author pointed out in Denhardt & Denhardt on page 203 is that the problem is only vaguely understood at the outset, and part of the analyst job to develop background statement or issue a paper that outlines the paper. On method of solving the problem would be to start a focus group or have a town hall meeting to discuss the issues or problems others have faced when it come to the issue you are researching. Two would be to conduct substantial research from various sources such as journals, books, news papers and so fourth, and third talk to people that or at the same agency level are you that could be helpful.